Table 2

Distribution plots of the number ill, confirmed, primary and secondary cases in the outbreaks

Ill Cases

Confirmed Cases

Primary Cases

Secondary Cases

Country

United States

25.2 (14.7, 43.1)

14.5 (8.6, 24.6)

6.2 (3.2, 12.2)

2 (2,6)

England & Wales

11.9 (7.9, 17.9)

10.8 (7.5, 15.6)

4.7 (2.8, 7.8)

3 (1,7)

Scotland

14.5 (7.5, 31.7)

14.4 (7.5, 27.6)

9.3 (3.9, 21.8)

2 (0,5)

Canada

13.4 (7.2, 24.9)

9.4 (4.8, 18.7)

5.5 (2.3, 13.4)

2 (1,5)

Japan

52.9 (17.2, 163.3)

43.3 (14.8, 126.4)

23.8 (3.4, 164.2)

3 (0,22)

Median age

< 6 years

13.9 (9.0, 21.5)

10.4 (6.5, 16.7)

2.0 (1.2, 3.4)

6 (3,13)

6–16 years

18.9 (10.2, 35.0)

14.5 (8.5, 25.0)

8.3 (4.2, 16.4)

2 (2,4)

17 – 59 years

20.2 (11.4, 35.7)

13.2 (7.5, 23.1)

10.2 (5.5, 19.0)

2 (0,2)

60+ years

29.5 (9.9, 88.4)

20.7 (11.1, 38.5)

10.9 (1.8, 65.1)

4 (0,10)

Mode of Primary Transmission

Animal/Environmental

6.7 (3.6, 12.7)

6.6 (3.5, 12.5)

5.1 (2.4, 10.7)

1 (0,3)

Dairy products

12.0 (5.6, 25.7)

10.4 (4.9, 22.1)

8.1 (3.5, 18.8)

1 (0,5)

Food

33.8 (21.6, 52.8)

20.9 (13.4, 32.4)

18.1(11.5, 28.4)

2 (1,2)

Water

8.5 (4.5, 16.1)

8.3 (4.2, 16.1)

6.3 (3.5, 11.5)

1.5 (1,6)

Unknown

14.2 (10.5, 19.1)

11.3 (8.2, 15.5)

1.4 (1.0, 2.0)

11 (5,17)

Mode of Secondary Transmission

P-P home

23.8 (15.7, 36.2)

19.8 (13.4, 29.1)

11.9 (7.2, 19.6)

2 (2,5)

P-P nursery

25.8 (18.0, 37.1)

15.7 (10.2, 24.3)

1.4 (0.8, 2.6)

15.5 (9,22)

P-P other

15.5 (5.7, 41.9)

11.2 (5.3, 23.9)

6.0 (1.9, 19.0)

3 (1,10)

Water

11.9 (5.6, 25.5)

9.9 (4.3, 23.0)

1.6 (0.5, 4.9)

5 (3,17)

The geometric mean number of ill, confirmed and primary cases and median number of secondary cases by country (n = 86), median age (75), modes of primary (90) and secondary (67) transmission are shown. For the geometric means, 95% confidence intervals are shown and for the medians, range is given.

Snedeker et al. BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:144   doi:10.1186/1471-2334-9-144