Table 1

Characteristics of 430 patients with Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia with and without endocarditis.

Bacteremia with endocarditis
Bacteremia without endocarditis
Total

Characteristic
(n = 74)
(n = 356)
(n = 430)
OR
95% CI
P

Age, mean years ± SD
55 ± 22
59 ± 17
58 ± 18
-
-
0.26
Male sex
47 (64)
221 (62)
268 (62)
1.06
0.63–1.79
0.82
Hospital-acquired
34 (46)
198 (56)
232 (54)
0.68
0.41–1.12
0.13
Previous skin disease or wound
34 (46)
189 (53)
223 (52)
0.75
0.45–1.24
0.26
Previous surgerya
18 (24)
77 (22)
95 (22)
1.17
0.65–2.10
0.61
Trauma in prior 2 months
12 (16)
98 (28)
110 (26)
0.51
0.26–0.99
0.04
Central intravenous catheter
10 (14)
48 (14)
58 (14)
1.00
0.48–2.09
0.99
Hemodialysis
6 (8)
38 (11)
44 (10)
0.74
0.30–1.82
0.51
Previous S. aureus deep infection
3 (4)
28 (8)
31 (7)
0.50
0.15–1.67
0.33
Previous S. aureus bacteremia
2 (3)
15 (4)
17 (4)
0.63
0.14–2.82
0.75
Predisposing heart condition
47 (64)
63 (18)
110 (26)
8.10
4.69–13.98
<0.001
     Degenerative heart disease
22 (30)
32 (9)
54 (13)
4.28
2.31–7.94
<0.001
     Injection drug use
20 (27)
24 (7)
44 (10)
5.12
2.65–9.91
<0.001
     Prosthetic valve
17 (23)
1 (0.3)
18 (4)
105.88
13.82–811.08
<0.001
     Prior endocarditis
11 (15)
0 (0)
11 (3)
-
-
<0.001
     Congenital heart disease
5 (7)
5 (1)
10 (2)
5.09
1.43–18.05
0.02
     Mitral valve prolapse
2 (3)
2 (1)
4 (1)
4.92
0.68–35.48
0.14
     Rheumatic heart disease
2 (3)
1 (0.3)
3 (1)
9.86
0.88–110.21
0.08
Coronary artery disease
21 (28)
89 (25)
110 (26)
1.19
0.68–2.08
0.54
Corticosteroid use ≥ 1 month
8 (11)
37 (10)
45 (11)
1.05
0.47–2.35
0.92
Immunosuppressive therapyb
3 (4)
26 (7)
29 (7)
0.54
0.16–1.82
0.45
Diabetes
19 (26)
89 (25)
108 (25)
1.04
0.58–1.84
0.90
Alcoholism
4 (5)
44 (12)
48 (11)
0.41
0.14–1.17
0.10
Liver disease
24 (32)
43 (12)
67 (16)
3.49
1.95–6.25
<0.001
Malignancy
9 (12)
54 (15)
63 (15)
0.77
0.36–1.65
0.51
Chronic renal failure
8 (11)
52 (15)
60 (14)
0.71
0.32–1.56
0.39
HIV positive
3 (4)
5 (1)
8 (2)
2.97
0.69–12.70
0.14

NOTE. Data are no. (%) of patients, unless otherwise indicated.

a Includes cardiac and non-cardiac surgery during 3 months preceding the positive blood culture.

b During 6 months preceding the positive blood culture.

Ruotsalainen et al. BMC Infectious Diseases 2006 6:137   doi:10.1186/1471-2334-6-137