Table 3 |
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|
Overview of published chocolate outbreaks due to Salmonella contamination |
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|
Year |
Country |
Serovar |
Vehicle* |
Source of contamination |
cfu/g |
No. of affected persons |
Peak of outbreak |
Age of cases |
|
|
||||||||
|
1970 |
Sweden |
S. Durham |
Chocolate products (n>1), |
Cocoa powder |
/ |
110 |
Dec-May |
53% ≤15 years |
|
1973 – 1974 |
USA, Canada |
S. Eastbourne |
Chocolate balls from Canada |
Cocoa beans |
2.5 |
200 |
Dec-Feb. |
3 years (median) |
|
1982 |
England, Wales |
S. Napoli |
Chocolate bars from Italy |
Unknown |
2–23 |
272 |
May-Aug |
58% ≤ 15 years |
|
1985 – 1986 |
Canada |
S. Nima |
Chocolate coins from Belgium |
Unknown |
/ |
/ |
Dec-Jan |
? |
|
1987 |
Norway, Finland |
S. Typhimurium |
Chocolate products, (n = 3) from Norway |
Avian contamination speculated |
≤1 |
349 |
Mar-May |
6 years (median) |
|
2001– 2002 |
Germany, other European countries |
S. Oranienburg |
Two chocolate brands from Germany |
Unknown |
1.1–2.8 |
439 |
Oct-Dec |
15 years (median) |
|
|
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|
* In each outbreak, the identified vehicles were traced to a single manufacturer |
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|
Werber et al. BMC Infectious Diseases 2005 5:7 doi:10.1186/1471-2334-5-7 |
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