Table 3 |
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|
Univariable prevalence ratios (PR) for positive viral hepatitis serology |
||||||||||
|
Negative hepatitis serology (n = 4'592) |
Anti-HBc positive (n = 336) |
Anti-HCV positive (n = 135) |
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|
|
||||||||||
|
Factor |
n |
(%)1 |
n |
(%)1 |
PR2 |
(95%CI) |
n |
(%)1 |
PR2 |
(95%CI) |
|
|
||||||||||
|
Demographics |
||||||||||
|
Female |
1'859 |
(40.5) |
117 |
(34.8) |
0.8 |
(0.6 to 1.0) |
44 |
(33.1) |
0.7 |
(0.5 to 1.0) |
|
Age |
||||||||||
|
≤39 |
1'957 |
(42.6) |
129 |
(38.4) |
1.0 |
(reference) |
59 |
(43.7) |
1.0 |
(reference) |
|
40–59 |
1'440 |
(31.4) |
118 |
(35.1) |
1.2 |
(1.0 to 1.5) |
45 |
(33.3) |
1.1 |
(0.8 to 1.6) |
|
≥60 |
1'195 |
(26.0) |
89 |
(26.5) |
1.1 |
(0.9 to 1.4) |
31 |
(23.0) |
1.0 |
(0.7 to 1.5) |
|
Admission |
||||||||||
|
Night admission (7 pm–7 am) |
625 |
(15.6) |
39 |
(13.9) |
0.9 |
(0.6 to 1.2) |
15 |
(14.0) |
0.9 |
(0.5 to 1.5) |
|
Nov-April admission |
1'557 |
(33.9) |
106 |
(31.5) |
0.9 |
(0.7 to 1.1) |
44 |
(32.6) |
0.9 |
(0.7 to 1.3) |
|
Medical admission |
1'855 |
(46.3) |
153 |
(54.4) |
1.4 |
(1.1 to 1.7) |
55 |
(40.7) |
1.2 |
(0.8 to 1.7) |
|
(Semi-)private insurance |
800 |
(18.2) |
32 |
(9.9) |
0.5 |
(0.4 to 0.7) |
15 |
(11.8) |
0.6 |
(0.4 to 1.0) |
|
Laboratory results |
||||||||||
|
Elevated ALT |
835 |
(18.2) |
91 |
(27.1) |
1.6 |
(1.3 to 2.0) |
56 |
(41.5) |
3.1 |
(2.2 to 4.3) |
|
Transferrin saturation >45% |
200 |
(4.4) |
14 |
(4.2) |
1.0 |
(0.6 to 1.6) |
9 |
(6.7) |
1.5 |
(0.8 to 3.0) |
|
Questionnaire |
||||||||||
|
History of jaundice |
428 |
(9.5) |
88 |
(26.9) |
3.1 |
(2.5 to 3.9) |
39 |
(29.5) |
3.8 |
(2.6 to 5.4) |
|
Blood transfusion (any time) |
945 |
(21.2) |
71 |
(22.0) |
1.0 |
(0.8 to 1.3) |
38 |
(30.9) |
1.6 |
(1.1 to 2.4) |
|
Blood transfusion before 1990 |
453 |
(10.2) |
30 |
(9.3) |
0.9 |
(0.6 to 1.3) |
15 |
(12.2) |
1.2 |
(0.7 to 2.1) |
|
Tattoo |
437 |
(9.6) |
43 |
(12.9) |
1.4 |
(1.0 to 1.9) |
37 |
(27.4) |
3.4 |
(2.3 to 4.9) |
|
Piercing |
486 |
(10.7) |
25 |
(7.5) |
0.7 |
(0.5 to 1.0) |
22 |
(16.4) |
1.6 |
(1.0 to 2.5) |
|
>10 units alcohol per week |
294 |
(6.5) |
37 |
(11.2) |
1.7 |
(1.3 to 2.4) |
22 |
(16.4) |
2.7 |
(1.7 to 4.2) |
|
Intravenous drug abuse |
30 |
(0.7) |
39 |
(11.7) |
9.3 |
(7.4 to 11.8) |
55 |
(40.7) |
37.4 |
(28.6 to 48.8) |
|
Steady relationship |
3'221 |
(70.9) |
229 |
(70.0) |
0.9 |
(0.7 to 1.2) |
72 |
(53.7) |
0.5 |
(0.4 to 0.7) |
|
Professional patient contact |
618 |
(13.6) |
41 |
(12.4) |
0.9 |
(0.7 to 1.2) |
14 |
(10.4) |
0.7 |
(0.4 to 1.3) |
|
Chronic abdominal pain |
373 |
(8.2) |
47 |
(14.2) |
1.8 |
(1.3 to 2.4) |
30 |
(22.7) |
3.1 |
(2.1 to 4.6) |
|
Chronic fatigue |
817 |
(17.9) |
84 |
(25.2) |
1.5 |
(1.2 to 1.9) |
45 |
(33.6) |
2.2 |
(1.6 to 3.2) |
|
Chronic myalgia |
467 |
(10.2) |
42 |
(12.6) |
1.2 |
(0.9 to 1.7) |
21 |
(15.8) |
1.6 |
(1.0 to 2.6) |
|
Chronic arthralgia |
568 |
(12.5) |
57 |
(17.3) |
1.4 |
(1.1 to 1.9) |
27 |
(20.6) |
1.8 |
(1.2 to 2.7) |
|
Ethnicity other than white |
244 |
(5.4) |
65 |
(19.8) |
3.6 |
(2.8 to 4.6) |
10 |
(7.5) |
1.4 |
(0.7 to 2.6) |
|
Not born in Switzerland |
926 |
(20.3) |
160 |
(47.8) |
3.2 |
(2.6 to 3.9) |
30 |
(22.2) |
1.1 |
(0.8 to 1.7) |
|
Not a Swiss resident |
92 |
(2.0) |
7 |
(2.1) |
1.0 |
(0.5 to 2.1) |
2 |
(1.5) |
0.7 |
(0.2 to 2.9) |
|
|
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|
1If no information was available for individual patients for a certain factor (e.g. admission time), % is calculated as the proportion of all patients with available information. 2Unadjusted prevalence ratio of positive viral serology for present vs. absent factor (e.g. first row: prevalence ratio of positive anti-HBc in females vs. males), except for age where age ≤39 is defined as the reference category. |
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|
Russmann et al. BMC Gastroenterology 2007 7:5 doi:10.1186/1471-230X-7-5 |
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