Table 2 |
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|
Associations between low impact consulters and high impact non-consulters and demographic/socio-economic factors (age and sex adjusted odds ratios) |
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|
Demographic and socio-economic factors |
Low impact consulters |
High impact non-consulters |
||
|
|
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|
Odds ratio (95% CI) |
p- value |
Odds ratio (95% CI) |
p-value |
|
|
|
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|
Sex |
||||
|
Males† |
1.00 |
1.00 |
||
|
Females |
1.26 (0.87 to 1.83) |
0.220 |
1.20 (0.97 to 1.48) |
0.087 |
|
|
||||
|
Age |
||||
|
18-24 yrs† |
1.00 |
1.00 |
||
|
25-34 yrs |
0.81 (0.40 to 1.65) |
0.556 |
0.93 (0.62 to 1.40) |
0.731 |
|
35-44 yrs |
0.71 (0.37 to 1.38) |
0.308 |
0.59 (0.40 to 0.86) |
0.006 |
|
45-54 yrs |
0.88 (0.46 to 1.68) |
0.699 |
0.63 (0.43 to 0.92) |
0.016 |
|
55-60 yrs |
1.14 (0.60 to 2.19) |
0.684 |
0.67 (0.45 to 0.99) |
0.043 |
|
|
||||
|
Marital status |
||||
|
Single† |
1.00 |
1.00 |
||
|
Married/living together |
0.83 (0.49 to 1.41) |
0.490 |
0.87 (0.64 to 1.17) |
0.354 |
|
No longer married |
1.13 (0.54 to 2.33) |
0.750 |
1.75 (1.13 to 2.71) |
0.012 |
|
|
||||
|
Social support |
||||
|
Low† |
1.00 |
1.00 |
||
|
Medium |
0.94 (0.43 to 2.07) |
0.876 |
0.51 (0.32 to 0.79) |
0.003 |
|
High |
0.87 (0.40 to 1.88) |
0.717 |
0.44 (0.28 to 0.69) |
< 0.001 |
|
|
||||
|
Education |
||||
|
No qualifications† |
1.00 |
1.00 |
||
|
Secondary school |
0.82 (0.48 to 1.41) |
0.480 |
0.56 (0.40 to 0.79) |
0.001 |
|
Higher education |
0.54 (0.31 to 0.95) |
0.033 |
0.42 (0.30 to 0.60) |
< 0.001 |
|
|
||||
|
Housing |
||||
|
Owned/mortgaged† |
1.00 |
1.00 |
||
|
Privately rented and other |
1.02 (0.57 to 1.85) |
0.938 |
1.29 (0.93 to 1.80) |
0.131 |
|
Council/housing association |
1.14 (0.59 to 2.19) |
0.693 |
2.80 (1.91 to 4.11) |
< 0.001 |
|
|
||||
|
Employment |
||||
|
Full-time† |
1.00 |
1.00 |
||
|
Part-time |
0.82 (0.50 to 1.35) |
0.436 |
1.09 (0.81 to 1.46) |
0.572 |
|
Self-employed |
0.31 (0.11 to 0.86) |
0.024 |
1.53 (1.05 to 2.24) |
0.029 |
|
Not working due to illness |
1.44 (0.74 to 2.81) |
0.289 |
9.19 (5.32 to 15.87) |
< 0.001 |
|
Others not in employment |
0.67 (0.39 to 1.15) |
0.146 |
1.42 (1.06 to 1.91) |
0.021 |
|
|
||||
|
Household income (annual) |
||||
|
< £15,000† |
1.00 |
1.00 |
||
|
£15,000-29,999 |
0.89 (0.50 to 1.56) |
0.672 |
0.77 (0.55 to 1.08) |
0.135 |
|
£30,000-49,000 |
0.81 (0.46 to 1.42) |
0.459 |
0.48 (0.34 to 0.67) |
< 0.001 |
|
£50,000+ |
0.71 (0.40 to 1.28) |
0.256 |
0.33 (0.23 to 0.47) |
< 0.001 |
|
|
||||
|
Ethnicity |
||||
|
White† |
1.00 |
1.00 |
||
|
Other |
0.54 (0.13 to 2.25) |
0.393 |
0.99 (0.53 to 1.83) |
0.966 |
|
|
||||
|
Smoking |
||||
|
Never† |
1.00 |
1.00 |
||
|
Ex-smoker |
1.00 (0.65 to 1.55) |
0.991 |
1.70 (1.33 to 2.17) |
< 0.001 |
|
Current smoker |
1.14 (0.72 to 1.82) |
0.579 |
2.00 (1.53 to 2.60) |
< 0.001 |
|
|
||||
|
Access to a GP surgery |
||||
|
Good† |
1.00 |
1.00 |
||
|
Moderate |
0.98 (0.64 to1.50) |
0.938 |
1.32 (1.04 to 1.68) |
0.021 |
|
Poor |
1.04 (0.40 to 2.66) |
0.942 |
1.74 (1.02 to 2.96) |
0.042 |
|
|
||||
|
Access to a pharmacy |
||||
|
Good† |
1.00 |
1.00 |
||
|
Moderate |
1.34 (0.85 to 2.11) |
0.210 |
1.24 (0.94 to 1.63) |
0.125 |
|
Poor |
2.74 (1.17 to 6.38) |
0.020 |
1.26 (0.66 to 2.42) |
0.482 |
|
|
||||
|
Access to a shop selling OTC medicines |
||||
|
Good† |
1.00 |
1.00 |
||
|
Moderate |
1.17 (0.71 to 1.93) |
0.544 |
1.16 (0.86 to 1.55) |
0.335 |
|
Poor |
3.26 (1.28 to 8.33) |
0.013 |
1.91 (0.89 to 4.11) |
0.100 |
|
|
||||
|
† Referent group Figures highlighted are significant at 5% level (p < 0.05) |
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|
Elliott et al. BMC Family Practice 2012 13:21 doi:10.1186/1471-2296-13-21 |
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