|
Cardiac structure and function parameters according to number of features of metabolic syndrome, adjusted for age and gender. |
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| Number of features of the metabolic syndrome |
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|
|
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| 0 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4–5 |
p (trend) |
|
| n = 94 |
n = 229 |
n = 226 |
n = 79 |
n = 56 |
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|
|
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| Adjusted prevalence (95%CI) |
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| Stage C of heart failure |
2.4 (0.6–9.2) |
4.0 (2.2–7.3) |
4.7 (2.7–8.3) |
8.1 (4.0–15.7) |
10.5 (5.1–20.5) |
0.007 |
| LVSD |
0.0 (0.0-0.0) |
2.7 (1.3–5.6) |
3.0 (1.5–6.0) |
2.7 (0.8–8.5) |
7.1 (2.9–16.6) |
0.02 |
| Diastolic dysfunction |
20.8 (13.4–30.6) |
23.9 (18.7–30.1) |
25.7 (20.3–32.0) |
30.2 (20.9–41.6) |
36.0 (24.1–49.9) |
0.03 |
| Coronary heart disease |
3.6 (1.2–10.6) |
6.5 (4.0–10.5) |
8.1 (5.2–12.4) |
10.0 (5.2–18.6) |
18.4 (10.3–30.7) |
0.002 |
|
|
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| Adjusted mean (95%CI) |
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| LV diameter/height (mm/m) |
29.4 (28.8–30.0) |
29.7 (29.3–30.1) |
29.9 (29.5–30.3) |
29.9 (29.2–30.6) |
30.9 (30.1–31.6) |
0.008 |
| LV mass/height (g/m) |
100.1 (93.5–106.8) |
109.0 (104.8–113.3) |
113.8 (109.7–118.0) |
120.0 (112.8–127.2) |
129.9 (121.3–138.5) |
< 0.001 |
| LV mass/height2.7 (g/m2.7) |
45.9 (42.8–49.1) |
49.7 (47.7–51.7) |
52.1 (50.1–54.1) |
54.5 (51.1–58.0) |
59.4 (55.3–63.4) |
< 0.001 |
| LV mass/FFM (g/kg) |
3.66 (3.44–3.89) |
3.92 (3.78–4.07) |
3.97 (3.82–4.11) |
4.08 (3.83–4.33) |
4.39 (4.09–4.68) |
< 0.001 |
| Posterior wall/height (mm/m) |
5.3 (5.2–5.5) |
5.5 (5.4–5.6) |
5.6 (5.5–5.7) |
5.8 (5.6–6.0) |
5.8 (5.6–6.1) |
< 0.001 |
| Interventricular septum/height (mm/m) |
5.8 (5.6–6.0) |
6.1 (5.9–6.2) |
6.2 (6.1–6.4) |
6.4 (6.2–6.6) |
6.6 (6.4–6.9) |
< 0.001 |
| Relative wall thickness |
0.37 (0.35–0.38) |
0.38 (0.37–0.38) |
0.38 (0.37–0.39) |
0.39 (0.37–0.40) |
0.38 (0.36–0.40) |
0.05 |
| Left atrium/height (mm/m) |
22.0 (21.4–22.6) |
22.3 (22.0–22.7) |
23.5 (23.1–23.8) |
23.5 (22.9–24.1) |
24.1 (23.4–24.8) |
< 0.001 |
| E wave/A wave (peak velocity) |
1.06 (1.00–1.12) |
1.04 (1.00–1.08) |
0.97 (0.93–1.01) |
0.91 (0.85–0.98) |
0.94 (0.86–1.02) |
< 0.001 |
|
CI, confidence interval; LVSD, left ventricular systolic dysfunction; LV, left ventricle; FFM, fat-free mass. | ||||||
Azevedo et al. BMC Cardiovascular Disorders 2007 7:17 doi:10.1186/1471-2261-7-17 |
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