Research article
Development of SSR markers and analysis of diversity in Turkish populations of Brachypodium distachyon
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* Corresponding author: John P Vogel john.vogel@ars.usda.gov
1 USDA-ARS, Western Regional Research Center, Albany, CA, USA
2 Namik Kemal University, Department of Field Crops, Tekirdag, Turkey
3 Sabanci University, Biological Science and Bioengineering Program, Istanbul, Turkey
BMC Plant Biology 2009, 9:88 doi:10.1186/1471-2229-9-88
Published: 13 July 2009Abstract
Background
Brachypodium distachyon (Brachypodium) is rapidly emerging as a powerful model system to facilitate research aimed at improving grass crops for grain, forage and energy production. To characterize the natural diversity of Brachypodium and provide a valuable new tool to the growing list of resources available to Brachypodium researchers, we created and characterized a large, diverse collection of inbred lines.
Results
We developed 84 inbred lines from eight locations in Turkey. To enable genotypic characterization of this collection, we created 398 SSR markers from BAC end and EST sequences. An analysis of 187 diploid lines from 56 locations with 43 SSR markers showed considerable genotypic diversity. There was some correlation between SSR genotypes and broad geographic regions, but there was also a high level of genotypic diversity at individual locations. Phenotypic analysis of this new germplasm resource revealed considerable variation in flowering time, seed size, and plant architecture. The inbreeding nature of Brachypodium was confirmed by an extremely high level of homozygosity in wild plants and a lack of cross-pollination under laboratory conditions.
Conclusion
Taken together, the inbreeding nature and genotypic diversity observed at individual locations suggest a significant amount of long-distance seed dispersal. The resources developed in this study are freely available to the research community and will facilitate experimental applications based on natural diversity.