Projections from the posterolateral olfactory amygdala to the ventral striatum: neural basis for reinforcing properties of chemical stimuli

Isabel Ubeda-Bañon¹ , Amparo Novejarque² , Alicia Mohedano-Moriano¹ , Palma Pro-Sistiaga¹ , Carlos de la Rosa-Prieto¹ , Ricardo Insausti¹ , Fernando Martinez-Garcia² , Enrique Lanuza³ and Alino Martinez-Marcos¹

¹Laboratorio de Neuroanatomía Humana, Departamento de Ciencias Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02006 Albacete, Spain

²Laboratory of Comparative & Functional Neuroanatomy, Departament de Biologia Funcional, Facultat de Ciències Biològiques, Universitat de Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain

³Departament de Biologia Cellular, Facultat de Ciències Biològiques, Universitat de Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain

author email corresponding author email

BMC Neuroscience 2007, 8:103doi:10.1186/1471-2202-8-103


Published:	29 November 2007

Abstract

Background

Vertebrates sense chemical stimuli through the olfactory receptor neurons whose axons project to the main olfactory bulb. The main projections of the olfactory bulb are directed to the olfactory cortex and olfactory amygdala (the anterior and posterolateral cortical amygdalae). The posterolateral cortical amygdaloid nucleus mainly projects to other amygdaloid nuclei; other seemingly minor outputs are directed to the ventral striatum, in particular to the olfactory tubercle and the islands of Calleja.

Results

Although the olfactory projections have been previously described in the literature, injection of dextran-amines into the rat main olfactory bulb was performed with the aim of delimiting the olfactory tubercle and posterolateral cortical amygdaloid nucleus in our own material. Injection of dextran-amines into the posterolateral cortical amygdaloid nucleus of rats resulted in anterograde labeling in the ventral striatum, in particular in the core of the nucleus accumbens, and in the medial olfactory tubercle including some islands of Calleja and the cell bridges across the ventral pallidum. Injections of Fluoro-Gold into the ventral striatum were performed to allow retrograde confirmation of these projections.

Conclusion

The present results extend previous descriptions of the posterolateral cortical amygdaloid nucleus efferent projections, which are mainly directed to the core of the nucleus accumbens and the medial olfactory tubercle. Our data indicate that the projection to the core of the nucleus accumbens arises from layer III; the projection to the olfactory tubercle arises from layer II and is much more robust than previously thought. This latter projection is directed to the medial olfactory tubercle including the corresponding islands of Calleja, an area recently described as critical node for the neural circuit of addiction to some stimulant drugs of abuse.