Research article
The BOLD response and the gamma oscillations respond differently than evoked potentials: an interleaved EEG-fMRI study
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* Corresponding author: Jack R Foucher jf@evc.net
1 Clinique Psychiatrique – INSERM U405, Hôpitaux Universitaires – BP 406 – 67091 Strasbourg Cedex – France
2 UMR 7004 – CNRS/ULP – Institut de Physique Biologique, 4 rue Kirschleger – 67085 Strasbourg Cedex – France
BMC Neuroscience 2003, 4:22 doi:10.1186/1471-2202-4-22
Published: 19 September 2003Abstract
Background
The integration of EEG and fMRI is attractive because of their complementary precision regarding time and space. But the relationship between the indirect hemodynamic fMRI signal and the more direct EEG signal is uncertain. Event-related EEG responses can be analyzed in two different ways, reflecting two different kinds of brain activity: evoked, i.e. phase-locked to the stimulus, such as evoked potentials, or induced, i.e. non phase-locked to the stimulus such as event-related oscillations. In order to determine which kind of EEG activity was more closely related with fMRI, EEG and fMRI signals were acquired together, while subjects were presented with two kinds of rare events intermingled with frequent distractors. Target events had to be signaled by pressing a button and Novel events had to be ignored.
Results
Both Targets and Novels triggered a P300, of larger amplitude in the Novel condition. On the opposite, the fMRI BOLD response was stronger in the Target condition. EEG event-related oscillations in the gamma band (32–38 Hz) reacted in a way similar to the BOLD response.
Conclusions
The reasons for such opposite differential reactivity between oscillations / fMRI on the one hand, and evoked potentials on the other, are discussed in the paper. Those results provide further arguments for a closer relationship between fast oscillations and the BOLD signal, than between evoked potentials and the BOLD signal.