|
ATRA, 9-cis RA and 13-cis RA significantly decrease the production ofTh1-associated cytokines from anti-CD3-stimulated PBMC cultures in a dose-dependent fashion. |
||||
| IFN-γ |
Fold vs Control ± SE (n = 3) |
|||
|
|
||||
| Doses (nM) |
||||
|
|
||||
| 1 |
10 |
100 |
1000 |
|
|
|
||||
| Retinoid |
||||
| ATRA |
0.63 ± 0.04 |
0.61 ± 0.05 |
0.43 ± 0.13 |
0.38 ± 0.10 |
| 9-cis-RA |
0.76 ± 0.06 |
0.38 ± 0.09 |
0.32 ± 0.06 |
0.30 ± 0.05 |
| 13-cis-RA |
0.64 ± 0.11 |
0.59 ± 0.04 |
0.53 ± 0.04 |
0.47 ± 0.09 |
| 4-HPR |
0.83 ± 0.11 |
0.75 ± 0.07 |
0.73 ± 0.02 |
0.65 ± 0.03 |
| 2-way ANOVA |
||||
| Dose |
p = 0.0001 |
|||
| Retinoid |
p < 0.0001 |
|||
| Tukey Kramer |
||||
| Dose |
p < 0.01 |
1 nM vs 100 nM |
||
| 1 nM vs 1000 nM |
||||
| Retinoid |
p < 0.01 |
4-HPR vs ATRA |
||
| 4-HPR vs 9-cis RA |
||||
| 4-HPR vs 13-cis RA |
||||
|
|
||||
| IL-12p70 |
Fold vs Control ± SE (n = 3) |
|||
|
|
||||
| Dose (nM) |
||||
|
|
||||
| 1 |
10 |
100 |
1000 |
|
|
|
||||
| Retinoid |
||||
| ATRA |
0.57 ± 0.18 |
0.40 ± 0.11 |
0.36 ± 0.13 |
0.27 ± 0.12 |
| 9-cis-RA |
1.0 ± 0.12 |
0.39 ± 0.07 |
0.25 ± 0.19 |
0.21 ± 0.09 |
| 13-cis-RA |
1.1 ± 0.29 |
0.61 ± 0.20 |
0.42 ± 0.14 |
0.41 ± 0.09 |
| 4-HPR |
1.2 ± 0.47 |
1.2 ± 0.41 |
0.94 ± 0.26 |
0.84 ± 0.16 |
| 2-way ANOVA |
||||
| Dose |
p = 0.004 |
|||
| Retinoid |
p = 0.0007 |
|||
| Tukey Kramer |
||||
| Dose |
p < 0.05 |
1 nM vs 100 nM |
||
| p < 0.01 |
1 nM vs 1000 nM |
|||
| Retinoid |
p < 0.01 |
4-HPR vs ATRA |
||
| 4-HPR vs 9-cis-RA |
||||
| p < 0.01 |
4-HPR vs 13-cis-RA |
|||
Dawson et al. BMC Immunology 2008 9:16 doi:10.1186/1471-2172-9-16 |
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