Figure 1.

M1 and M2 polarizing conditions in cultured human bone marrow-derived macrophages promote the expression of either M1- or M2-specific transcripts, respectively. (A) Representative flow cytometric analysis of primary human macrophages derived from bone marrow. Cells were stained using anti-CD11b, anti-CD14, anti-CD163, or anti-CD68 antibodies. (B) Human macrophages stimulated with IFN-γ +LPS (i.e. M1 condition) or (C) IL-4+IL-13 (i.e. M2 condition) and gene expression was analyzed 24 h later by TAQMAN. Transcript levels for each M1 and M2 factor are expressed as fold increase over transcript levels of these factors in human macrophages exposed to media alone (i.e. control condition). Each symbol represents a single donor and macrophages from 5 to 8 bone marrow donors were analyzed; mean and SEM are also shown in panels B and C. * P ≤ 0.05 compared with transcript levels in control macrophages; ** P ≤ 0.01 compared with transcript levels in control macrophages.