Figure 1.

Common "housekeeping" genes are deregulated in HCV-induced HCC (multiple comparison microarray data). A) Gene expression of over 30,000 genes that showed no change to controls in at least one of 72 samples studied. B) 323 common "housekeeping" genes whose products have functions in sugar-, nucleotide-, lipid-, amino acid-, and energy-metabolism, or code for ribosomal proteins, basal transcription factors, and proteins of the cytoskeleton. In A) and B) the columns correspond to the stages of the disease: c = control, ci = cirrhosis, dn = dysplasia, ve = very early HCC, e = early HCC, a = advanced HCC, and aa = very advanced HCC. Genes (in rows) were clustered using the Pearson correlation. Red indicates up-regulation, green down-regulation, and black no change or not expressed.