Table 1 |
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|
Life history traits of the species assigned to the „ossified group" of lamprologines. |
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|
species |
Shell-breeding |
parental care |
mating system |
|
|
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|
Altolamprologus calvus |
no |
MG |
monogamy? |
|
Altolamprologus compressiceps |
no |
MG |
harem |
|
Altolamprologus sp. "shell" |
obligatory |
? |
? |
|
Lamprologus callipterus |
obligatory |
MG |
harem |
|
Lamprologus kungweensis |
no |
MG |
monogamy |
|
Lamprologus laparogramma |
facultative |
MG |
monogamy |
|
Lamprologus lemairii |
facultative |
MG |
harem |
|
Lamprologus meleagris |
obligatory |
MG |
harem |
|
Lamprologus ocellatus |
obligatory |
MG |
harem |
|
Lamprologus ornatipinnis |
obligatory |
MG |
harem |
|
Lamprologus signatus |
facultative |
MG |
monogamy |
|
Lamprologus speciosus |
obligatory |
MG |
harem |
|
Lepdiolamprologus attenuatus |
facultative* |
BG |
mono(bi)gamy |
|
Lepidiolamprologus boulengeri |
obligatory |
MG |
monogamy? |
|
Lepidiolamprologus elongatus |
no |
BG |
mono(bi)gamy |
|
Lepidiolamprologus hecqui |
obligatory |
MG |
? |
|
Lepidiolamprologus kendalli+ |
no |
BG |
monogamy? |
|
Lepidiolamprologus meeli |
obligatory |
MG |
harem |
|
Lepidiolamprologus nkambae+ |
no |
BG |
monogamy? |
|
Lepidiolamprologus pleuromaculatus+ |
facultative |
MG |
harem |
|
Lepidiolamprologus profundicola |
no |
MG |
harem |
|
Lepidiolamprologus sp. "meeli-boulengeri" |
obligatory |
MG |
harem |
|
Lepidiolamprologus sp. nov |
no |
? |
? |
|
Neolamprologus brevis |
obligatory |
MG |
harem |
|
Neolamprologus calliurus |
obligatory |
MG |
harem |
|
Neolamprologus caudopunctatus |
facultative |
BG |
monogamy |
|
Neolamprologus fasciatus |
facultative |
MG |
harem |
|
Neolamprologus leloupi |
facultative |
BG |
monogamy |
|
Neolamprologus multifasciatus |
facultative |
MG |
monogamy? |
|
Neolamprologus similis |
facultative |
MG |
monogamy? |
|
Neolamprologus variostigma+ |
no |
? |
? |
|
Neolamprologus wauthioni |
obligatory |
MG |
harem |
|
|
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|
Note: In all species males grow slightly larger than females, but there are only five species – Lamprologus callipterus, Lamprologus lemairii, Lamprologus ornatipinnis, Neolamprologus calliurus, Neolamprologus fasciatus – exhibiting extreme sexual size dimorphism with males growing to at least the double size of females. MG, maternal guarding; BG, biparental guarding. +, species is not included in this study. *, Lepidiolamprologus attenuatus is too large to enter empty gastropod-shells. Thus, this species occasionally deposits its eggs on the outside of the shell; after hatching fry is transferred into the shell. Information on the species listed is based on [3, 4, 14, 63–65]. |
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|
Koblmüller et al. BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7:7 doi:10.1186/1471-2148-7-7 |
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